MySQL的安装

背景

每次重搭环境都免不了要重新安装数据库，虽然频率不高，也发现竟然在3个平台上都装过了，记录一下。

Windows安装MySQL

下载MySql：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
解压后放到安装目录
在环境变量中将mysql安装目录定义为%MYSQL_HOME%，并将bin目录加入环境变量（%MYSQL_HOME%\bin）
在mysql-5.6.24-winx64的根目录下，找到my-default.ini文件，改名为my.ini 。打开，添加如下信息：

[mysqld]
loose-default-character-set = utf8
character-set-server = utf8
basedir = D:\mysql-5.6.24-winx64  #写自己的mysql路径哦
datadir = D:\mysql-5.6.24-winx64\data   #写自己的mysql路径哦！
[client]
loose-default-character-set = utf8
[WinMySQLadmin]
Server = D:\mysql-5.6.24-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe # 写自己的mysql路径哟！

以管理员身份运行cmd，进入到%MYSQL_HOME%到bin目录下运行如下命令：

1 2	mysqld --initialize -insecure # 初始化mysql，创建root用户，密码为空 mysqld -install

最后提示：Service successfully in installed!

启动mysql。

1	net start mysql

停止mysql

1	net stop mysql

首次登陆，无需密码

1	mysql -u root

修改root密码

1	mysql> set password for root@localhost = password('root');

再次登陆

1	mysql -u root -p

会提示输入密码，输入后已root用户进入。

其他命令

停止mysql

1	net stop mysql

卸载服务

1	mysqld -remove

MAC下安装Mysql

下载Mac版的DMG Archive包。（不建议用brew安装，后续配置很麻烦）
后双击安装，一路下一步
会出现一个提醒，给了个默认root@localhost账号的密码。比如：
root@localhost: wuKgf_mCK38z
安装完成后，在系统偏好设置中找到MySQL图标，点击进入，手动启动MySQL服务。
通过alias绑定命令：在命令行中运行如下命令，绑定mysql

1 2	MacBook-Air:~ icbc$ alias mysql=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql MacBook-Air:~ icbc$ alias mysqladmin=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin

注意：这种方式只能在当前命令行中有效。

建议是在环境变量中增加：

cd ~
touch .bash_profile
vi .bash_profile

# 加入如下语句
export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/mysql/bin

进行root密码重置，比如重置为root，运行如下命令，然后输入临时密码即可。

1 2	MacBook-Air:~ icbc$ mysqladmin -u root -p password root Enter password:

Suse下离线安装MySQL

先下载Suse版本的RPM包，官网有很多，要下载Bundle版，否则得分别下载各个组件。
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 (x86, 64-bit), RPM Bundle

解压安装包

HzTomcat:/data # tar -xvf mysql-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
HzTomcat:/data # cd mysql-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64/
HzTomcat:/data/mysql-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64 # ls
mysql-community-client-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm  mysql-community-devel-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm  mysql-community-server-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm  mysql-community-libs-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm   mysql-community-test-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm

下面的安装要注意按顺序，先安装mysql-community-common-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm

HzTomcat:/data/mysql-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64 # rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-common-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-common-8.0.13-1.s################################# [100%]

再安装mysql-community-libs-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm

HzTomcat:/data/mysql-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64 # rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-libs-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-libs-8.0.13-1.sle################################# [100%]

再安装mysql-community-client-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm

HzTomcat:/data/mysql-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64 # rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-client-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-client-8.0.13-1.s################################# [100%]

最后安装mysql-community-server-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm

HzTomcat:/data/mysql-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64 # rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.13-1.sles12.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-server-8.0.13-1.s################################# [100%]

启动
1
HzTomcat:~ # service mysql start

查看临时root密码

1 2	HzTomcat:~ # grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysql/mysqld.log 2019-01-09T07:16:31.105387Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !kwpeD_Pc7/p

修改root密码

HzTomcat:~ # mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.13

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>  alter user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Password123!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

可能出现的问题

问题

在修改root密码时，忘了flush privileges，然后导致新旧密码都无法登陆的问题。

1
2
3

HzTomcat:~ # mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

解决方法

修改mysql的配置文件：

1	HzTomcat:~ # vim /etc/my.cnf

增加：skip-grant-tables

然后在登陆直接使用root登陆，重新设置密码，即可。

HzTomcat:/var/lib/mysql # mysql -uroot 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 8.0.13 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Password123!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
HzTomcat:/var/lib/mysql # vim /etc/my.cnf
HzTomcat:/var/lib/mysql # service mysql restart
HzTomcat:/var/lib/mysql # mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.13 MySQL Community Server - GPL